HVAC & Plumbing

Water Heater Size Calculator

Size a water heater from peak-hour demand rather than guesswork.

Each shower uses roughly 20 gallons of hot water.
gal
Dishwasher 6, clothes washer 7, kitchen sink 4, bathroom sink 2.
First hour rating needed gal
Suggested tank size gal
Hot water for showers gal

How this calculator works

first hour rating = (showers × 20) + other peak hour use

First hour rating, not tank size, is the number that matters — it combines stored hot water with the recovery rate during that hour. A well-recovering 40 gallon gas heater can outperform a 50 gallon electric.

Worked example

With people in the household 4 , showers in the peak hour 2 , other peak hour use 15 gal, this calculator returns 55 gal.

Frequently asked questions

What size water heater do I need for a family of four?

Work out the peak hour, not the daily total. Two showers plus a dishwasher run typically means a 55 gallon first hour rating, which a 40 gallon gas heater delivers comfortably.

What is first hour rating?

The gallons of hot water a heater can supply in one hour starting from full — stored water plus what it reheats during that hour. It is the figure to match against your peak demand.

Is gas or electric better for recovery?

Gas, substantially. A 40 gallon gas heater typically has a higher first hour rating than a 50 gallon electric because it reheats two to three times faster. Electric needs more storage to compensate.

Should I switch to tankless?

Tankless never runs out but is limited by flow rate rather than volume. Size it in gallons per minute at your winter incoming water temperature — a unit that handles two showers in Florida may manage only one in Minnesota.